STRATEGYMonths to result

Declining Industry Framework

Strategic alternatives for declining industries

Problem it solves

unclear strategic direction

Best for

Companies in declining industries

Not ideal for

Companies in growing industries

Overview

Why this framework exists

The Declining Industry Framework outlines the strategic alternatives available to companies in declining industries. This includes the 'harvest' strategy, which involves eliminating investment and generating maximum cash flow from the business, as well as other strategies such as heavy reinvestment in the declining industry.

Core principles

3 total
  1. Companies in declining industries must be prepared to adapt to the changing competitive landscape.
  2. The 'harvest' strategy is not always the most effective approach for companies in declining industries.
  3. Companies must consider the structural conditions that determine the nature of competition in the decline phase of an industry.

Steps

3 steps
  1. Assess the industry's decline stage
    Determine the stage of decline the industry is in and the likely future trajectory of demand. This will help companies understand the necessary strategic adjustments to make.
    Pro tipUse tools such as market research and analysis to assess the industry's decline stage.
    WarningFailing to accurately assess the industry's decline stage can lead to ineffective strategic adjustments.
  2. Evaluate strategic alternatives
    Consider the different strategic alternatives available, including the 'harvest' strategy, heavy reinvestment in the declining industry, and other approaches.
    Pro tipUse techniques such as cost-benefit analysis to evaluate the different strategic alternatives.
    WarningFailing to evaluate strategic alternatives can lead to a lack of competitiveness in the market.
  3. Implement the chosen strategy
    Implement the chosen strategy, whether it be the 'harvest' strategy, heavy reinvestment in the declining industry, or another approach.
    Pro tipUse tools such as project management models to implement the chosen strategy.
    WarningFailing to implement the chosen strategy can lead to ineffective strategic adjustments.

Checklist

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Examples

2 cases
Rayon industry

The rayon industry is an example of a declining industry where companies have had to adapt to the changing competitive landscape. Some companies have invested heavily in the industry, while others have chosen to exit.

OutcomeThe outcome of these strategies has varied, with some companies achieving success and others struggling to remain competitive.
Acetylene industry

The acetylene industry is another example of a declining industry where companies have had to adapt to the changing competitive landscape. Some companies have chosen to exit the industry, while others have invested in new technologies to remain competitive.

OutcomeThe outcome of these strategies has varied, with some companies achieving success and others struggling to remain competitive.

Common mistakes

3 traps
Failing to adapt to the changing competitive landscape
Companies that fail to adapt to the changing competitive landscape in declining industries may lose competitiveness in the market.
Failing to evaluate strategic alternatives
Companies that fail to evaluate strategic alternatives may miss opportunities to remain competitive in declining industries.
Failing to implement the chosen strategy
Companies that fail to implement the chosen strategy may struggle to remain competitive in declining industries.

Origin story

How this framework came to be

The framework is based on the idea that declining industries require unique strategic approaches. Companies in declining industries must adapt to the changing competitive landscape and find ways to remain competitive despite shrinking demand.

Source

Traced to primary
Source · BOOK
Competitive Strategy
Michael E. Porter · 1980
Open source →

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