MINDSETMonths to result

Endowment Bias

Overvaluing what you own

Problem it solves

limiting beliefs

Best for

Investors, financial analysts

Not ideal for

Impulsive decision makers

Overview

Why this framework exists

Endowment bias refers to the tendency to overvalue something simply because you own it. In the context of investing, this can lead to investors holding on to a losing investment, hoping it will turn around.

Core principles

3 total
  1. The tendency to overvalue something simply because you own it can lead to poor decision making.
  2. Investors may hold on to a losing investment, hoping it will turn around, due to endowment bias.
  3. This bias can lead to further losses as investors fail to cut their losses and move on.

Steps

3 steps
  1. Recognize the bias
    The first step in avoiding endowment bias is to recognize when it is occurring. Investors should be aware of their own tendency to overvalue something simply because they own it.
    Pro tipTake a step back and try to objectively evaluate the investment
    WarningBe careful not to fall into the trap of overvaluing what you own
  2. Evaluate the investment objectively
    Once the bias is recognized, investors should evaluate the investment objectively, without being influenced by their ownership.
    Pro tipUse data and analysis to support your evaluation
    WarningAvoid being swayed by emotions or personal biases
  3. Consider alternative perspectives
    Investors should consider alternative perspectives and be open to changing their opinion if the data supports it.
    Pro tipSeek out diverse viewpoints and be willing to adapt
    WarningAvoid being overly attached to what you own

Checklist

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Examples

2 cases
Vyke Communications

The investor in Vyke Communications held on to the stock, hoping it would turn around, due to endowment bias.

OutcomeThe investor eventually sold the stock at a 99% loss.
Raymarine

The investor in Raymarine held on to the stock, hoping it would turn around, due to endowment bias.

OutcomeThe investor eventually sold the stock at a 96% loss.

Common mistakes

3 traps
Failing to recognize the bias
Investors who fail to recognize endowment bias may continue to overvalue what they own, even if it is no longer a good investment.
Not evaluating the investment objectively
Investors who do not evaluate the investment objectively may be influenced by their ownership and fail to make a rational decision.
Not considering alternative perspectives
Investors who do not consider alternative perspectives may miss out on important information and fail to adapt to changing circumstances.

Origin story

How this framework came to be

The concept of endowment bias has been studied in various fields, including psychology and finance. It is closely related to other cognitive biases, such as anchoring bias and the NaFF-Bee bias.

Source

Traced to primary
Source · BOOK
The Art of Execution
Lee Freeman-Shor · 2015
Open source →

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