STRATEGYMonths to result

Exit Barriers Framework

Barriers to exit

Problem it solves

unclear strategic direction

Best for

Businesses in declining industries

Not ideal for

Growing industries

Overview

Why this framework exists

The framework considers the barriers that prevent firms from exiting a declining industry, including durable and specialized assets, fixed costs of exit, and strategic exit barriers.

Core principles

3 total
  1. Durable and specialized assets create exit barriers
  2. Fixed costs of exit can prevent firms from leaving an industry
  3. Strategic exit barriers can prevent firms from exiting due to interrelatedness with other businesses

Steps

3 steps
  1. Assess durable and specialized assets
    Determine the level of asset specialization and durability
    Pro tipConsider the impact of asset specialization on the liquidation value of the firm
    WarningSpecialized assets can create significant exit barriers
  2. Evaluate fixed costs of exit
    Assess the fixed costs associated with exiting the industry
    Pro tipConsider the impact of fixed costs on the effective liquidation value of the firm
    WarningFixed costs can create significant exit barriers
  3. Consider strategic exit barriers
    Assess the interrelatedness of the business with other businesses
    Pro tipConsider the impact of interrelatedness on the firm's ability to exit the industry
    WarningStrategic exit barriers can prevent firms from exiting due to the potential impact on other businesses

Checklist

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Examples

2 cases
Acetylene industry

The acetylene industry declined due to the rise of ethylene as a substitute. The industry's specialized assets created significant exit barriers.

OutcomeThe industry's profitability declined, and firms were unable to exit the industry due to the high exit barriers
Rayon industry

The rayon industry experienced a decline in demand due to the rise of synthetic fibers. The industry's fixed costs of exit created significant exit barriers.

OutcomeThe industry's profitability declined, and firms were unable to exit the industry due to the high exit barriers

Common mistakes

3 traps
Underestimating durable and specialized assets
Failing to consider the level of asset specialization and durability can lead to poor strategic decisions
Misjudging fixed costs of exit
Incorrectly assessing the fixed costs associated with exiting the industry can lead to inaccurate predictions about the firm's ability to exit
Overlooking strategic exit barriers
Failing to consider the interrelatedness of the business with other businesses can lead to missed opportunities for exit

Origin story

How this framework came to be

The framework is based on the concept that exit barriers can prevent firms from leaving a declining industry, leading to decreased profitability and increased competition.

Source

Traced to primary
Source · BOOK
Competitive Strategy
Michael E. Porter · 1980
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