STRATEGYMonths to result

Preparing for Decline Framework

Strategic planning for declining industries

Problem it solves

unclear strategic direction

Best for

Companies operating in declining industries

Not ideal for

Companies in growing or stable industries

Overview

Why this framework exists

The Preparing for Decline Framework is a strategic planning approach for companies operating in declining industries. It involves minimizing investments, placing strategic emphasis on favorable market segments, and creating switching costs. The framework requires a thorough analysis of the industry and its decline, as well as a clear understanding of the company's position and goals.

Core principles

3 total
  1. Minimize investments that raise exit barriers
  2. Place strategic emphasis on favorable market segments
  3. Create switching costs in key segments

Steps

4 steps
  1. Analyze the industry decline
    Understand the causes and pace of the industry decline, as well as the company's position and goals.
    Pro tipUse industry analysis tools, such as the Five Forces Framework, to understand the decline.
    WarningFailing to analyze the decline can lead to poor strategic decisions.
  2. Minimize investments
    Avoid investments that raise exit barriers, such as high asset specificity or sunk costs.
    Pro tipFocus on investments that can be easily reversed or sold.
    WarningOver-investing can lead to financial difficulties and reduced flexibility.
  3. Emphasize favorable segments
    Focus on market segments that will be favorable during the decline, such as niche markets or segments with high barriers to entry.
    Pro tipUse market research and analysis to identify the most promising segments.
    WarningFailing to focus on favorable segments can lead to poor market position and reduced revenue.
  4. Create switching costs
    Create switching costs in key segments to reduce customer churn and increase loyalty.
    Pro tipUse tactics such as loyalty programs, contracts, or exclusive deals to create switching costs.
    WarningFailing to create switching costs can lead to high customer churn and reduced revenue.

Checklist

Saved in your browser

Examples

2 cases
Example 1

A company operating in the declining coal mining industry decides to minimize investments and focus on a niche market segment with high barriers to entry.

OutcomeThe company is able to maintain its market position and reduce its financial risks.
Example 2

A company operating in the declining textile industry decides to create switching costs by offering loyalty programs and exclusive deals to its customers.

OutcomeThe company is able to reduce customer churn and increase revenue.

Common mistakes

3 traps
Over-investing
Over-investing in a declining industry can lead to financial difficulties and reduced flexibility.
Failing to analyze the decline
Failing to analyze the industry decline can lead to poor strategic decisions and reduced competitiveness.
Not creating switching costs
Not creating switching costs can lead to high customer churn and reduced revenue.

Origin story

How this framework came to be

The Preparing for Decline Framework was developed by Michael E. Porter as a response to the challenges faced by companies operating in declining industries. It is based on the idea that companies can improve their position by taking strategic steps during the maturity phase of the industry.

Source

Traced to primary
Source · BOOK
Competitive Strategy
Michael E. Porter · 1980
Open source →

Related frameworks

Browse all Strategy →