LEADERSHIPOngoing practice

The OMCD Organizational Engine Model

Build a dedicated division that drives continuous improvement across the company

Problem it solves

ineffective leadership

Best for

CEOs and senior executives building an enterprise-wide improvement infrastructure, organizations transitioning from project-based improvement to systematic continuous improvement, and companies large enough to justify a dedicated improvement function.

Not ideal for

Small teams or startups where everyone wears multiple hats; organizations that have not yet committed to TPS/Lean as a long-term strategy; companies looking for a part-time improvement approach.

Overview

Why this framework exists

The OMCD (Operations Management Consulting Division) model is Toyota's organizational approach to deploying TPS across the entire enterprise. Rather than relying on individual champions or external consultants, Toyota created a dedicated internal division whose sole purpose is to develop TPS capability throughout the company and its supply chain.

OMCD functions as a rocket booster for the organization. Using the book's analogy, the company has five core functions (Sales, Technology, Production, Procurement, Finance) and three auxiliary functions (General, Personnel, Planning). OMCD acts as the propulsion system that accelerates all of these functions by embedding TPS thinking throughout the organization.

The division's primary output is not process improvement but people development. OMCD develops TPS General Managers who become the carriers of TPS knowledge and practice throughout the organization. These General Managers both instruct and practice TPS, ensuring that knowledge is always grounded in real application rather than becoming abstract theory.

Core principles

5 total
  1. Continuous improvement requires a dedicated organizational function, not just individual initiative
  2. The primary output of the improvement function is developed people, not improved processes
  3. TPS General Managers must both instruct and practice; teaching without doing breeds empty theory
  4. The improvement function serves all other company functions through cross-functional education and guidance
  5. On-the-job training in the gemba is the primary development method, not classroom education

Steps

5 steps
  1. Secure Executive Commitment
    The decision to create a dedicated improvement organization must come from the top. The CEO must understand that this is a long-term investment in organizational capability, not a cost center to be justified by short-term ROI. Budget, staffing, and authority must be formally established.
    WarningWithout genuine executive commitment, a dedicated improvement division will be defunded at the first budget crunch.
  2. Staff with Experienced Practitioners
    Populate the division with people who have genuine TPS experience from the gemba, not with theoreticians or career staff managers. These should be your best people who have demonstrated both technical TPS skills and the ability to develop others.
    Pro tipIt is better to start small with two or three genuinely capable people than to staff up with many who lack real TPS depth.
  3. Define the Mission as People Development
    Make it clear that the division's primary mission is developing TPS General Managers across the organization, not delivering improvement projects. Projects are the vehicle for development, not the end goal. Measure the division by the number of capable TPS practitioners it produces.
  4. Establish Jishuken Programs at Multiple Levels
    Create internal Jishuken activities in your own factories, supplier Jishuken with key partners, and cross-company learning forums. Each of these becomes a development platform where TPS General Managers grow their capabilities through real practice.
    Pro tipStart with internal Jishuken before attempting supplier development. You must be credible practitioners before you can guide others.
  5. Embed in All Company Functions
    Over time, extend the improvement division's influence beyond manufacturing to all company functions including sales, technology, procurement, and finance. TPS thinking applies to any process with waste, which is every process.
    Pro tipNon-manufacturing functions often resist TPS because they believe it is a factory concept. Start with small wins that demonstrate relevance to knowledge work.

Checklist

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Examples

1 cases
Toyota's OMCD Rocket Analogy

The book's Sensei explains Toyota's organizational structure as a rocket, with five core functions forming the body and three auxiliary functions as support structures. OMCD is depicted as the propulsion system that drives the entire rocket forward by embedding TPS thinking across all functions.

OutcomeThis organizational design gave Toyota a systematic way to deploy and sustain TPS across an enormous global enterprise, ensuring that improvement was not dependent on individual factories or managers but was structurally embedded in the company.

Common mistakes

3 traps
Making Improvement a Part-Time Job
Assigning improvement responsibilities to people who also have full-time operational roles ensures that improvement always loses to daily firefighting. Toyota's insight was that improvement requires dedicated, full-time organizational capacity.
Measuring the Division by Project Savings
If you measure your improvement division by dollars saved per project, you incentivize cherry-picking easy wins over building deep organizational capability. The true measure is the number of people who can independently lead improvement activities.
Staffing with Theoreticians Instead of Practitioners
People who have studied TPS but not practiced it on the gemba cannot develop others effectively. The division must be staffed with people who have personally experienced the challenges and breakthroughs of implementing TPS in real production environments.

Origin story

How this framework came to be

OMCD was established within Toyota as a unique organizational structure that did not exist in other companies. The book's Sensei explains its function using the analogy of a company as a rocket, where OMCD provides the thrust that enables the entire organization to reach higher levels of performance.

The division emerged from the recognition that TPS deployment cannot be a side job. Without a dedicated organizational function responsible for developing TPS capability, improvement efforts remain fragmented, inconsistent, and dependent on individual enthusiasm rather than systematic development.

Source

Traced to primary
Source · BOOK
The Toyota Production System Journey: The Continuously Changing Features of TPS and Lean Thinking
Noboru Takeuchi · 2022
Open source →

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