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Income-First Saving

Stop optimising 1% on a small base — grow the base instead.

Problem it solves

over-optimised saving on small income

Best for

Young earners with small monthly savings who are over-tweaking funds and under-investing in income growth

Not ideal for

High-income earners already maxing tax-advantaged accounts who genuinely benefit from optimisation

Overview

Why this framework exists

Income-First Saving inverts the conventional advice to obsess over savings rates and fund selection when you're young. Olly argues that squeezing an extra 1-2% out of a £200 monthly contribution moves the needle far less than doubling or tripling the income that funds the contribution in the first place. The lever with the highest return is income, not optimisation.

In his 20s, Olly saved roughly half his take-home as a jazz musician and English teacher, drilled by parental conservatism and fear of poverty in retirement. Today, he spends almost no time on personal finance because his businesses contribute orders of magnitude more than any savings-rate tweak ever could. The framework redirects effort from spreadsheet edges to income engines: skills, side hustles, businesses, salary negotiation.

The trade-off is real — you still need a baseline savings habit and automation — but the 5-year payoff of becoming top 1% at one valuable skill dwarfs the 5-year payoff of micro-optimising contributions on a small base.

Core principles

5 total
  1. On a small base, 1-2% optimisation gains are dwarfed by income growth.
  2. The highest-return investment in your 20s is education, not index funds.
  3. Automation handles the savings habit; effort should compound on income skills.
  4. Knowledge applied in a slightly different way can be worth 10-100x in a different market.
  5. Your salary is arbitrary — set by what a business can extract from your labour, not your skill's true value.

Steps

7 steps
  1. Lock in a baseline automated savings habit
    Set a standing order so a fixed percentage of every paycheck moves to a low-cost index fund the day it lands. The amount matters less than the automation — you want the habit on autopilot so attention can shift elsewhere.
    Pro tipPick one boring vehicle (e.g. a global index fund inside an ISA) and stop researching alternatives.
    WarningDo not skip this step assuming income growth will replace it — the habit is the safety net.
  2. Audit where your time and money are going
    Honestly account for hours spent reading personal-finance content, switching funds, and chasing 0.5% optimisations. If you're earning under six figures, most of that time has near-zero return and should be reallocated.
  3. Identify the skill you can become top 1% at in 5 years
    Pick one skill — writing, sales, video, copywriting, a trade — that you have natural pull toward and that has a market. Olly's advice to a 21-year-old: spend the next 5 years becoming the best in the world at one thing because that pays you for life.
    Pro tipCombine two adjacent skills (e.g. medicine + speaking, finance + camera) for outsized leverage.
    WarningDon't pick something you don't enjoy — you won't survive the hard years.
  4. Reinvest aggressively into education and access
    Spend on courses, coaches, and paid conversations with people one or two steps ahead. Olly hires a Hollywood script writer for £300/session; before launching anything, he pays three experts to tell him what he doesn't know.
    Pro tipPay for the expertise that prevents expensive mistakes (a builder reviewing your quote, a coach reviewing your salary negotiation).
  5. Build an income engine alongside your job
    Use evenings and weekends to start a side hustle that applies your day-job skills to a different market — like the Mercedes mechanic Damian describes who fixes cars for clients privately, or the Excel guy making six figures teaching tutorials.
    Pro tipLook at people with money and the specific problems they have — that's where the high-margin opportunities live.
    WarningDon't quit the day job until the side hustle covers baseline expenses.
  6. Negotiate or restructure income inside your job
    Understand the mechanism behind your salary: the business pays you X to extract Y. Document the value you generate and either negotiate a raise, retrain into a higher-earning lane, or move to a market where the same skill is priced higher.
    Pro tipCoaches who specialise in salary negotiation routinely get clients 50-100% raises by helping them see the bigger picture.
  7. Stop tweaking once income compounds
    Once your business or income engine grows faster than the market (50%+/year vs 9-10%), reinvest there rather than ripping money out, paying 40% tax, and dripping it into index funds.
    WarningDiscipline still matters — don't get bored and start meddling with the automated baseline.

Checklist

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Examples

3 cases
Olly's English-teaching salary vs internet distribution

Living in Egypt teaching English, Olly earned an £850/month sterling supplement. The same language-learning knowledge, packaged for the internet, became a $10M+ business.

OutcomeSame skill set, ~1000x earning multiplier through different distribution.
Damian's Mercedes mechanic side hustle

A Mercedes mechanic working 9-5 at the dealership built a private weekend client list by approaching Mercedes owners in gym car parks. He fixes cars at clients' houses for cash, gets parts at trade discount, and now has a self-perpetuating book of business.

OutcomeSame day-job skill, evening/weekend income stream, and a client (Damian) who only trusts him over the dealership.
The Excel tutorials guy

An office worker who recorded himself doing advanced Excel work and taught tutorials online with the angle 'stand out and impress your boss with your Excel skills' built a six-figure business and quit his job.

OutcomeA skill considered mundane in-office became a scalable education product.

Common mistakes

5 traps
Over-optimising fund selection on a tiny base
Spending hours moving from a 0.2% fund to a 0.15% fund on £200/month contributions is a rounding error compared to a side hustle that adds £500/month.
Treating saving as a substitute for earning
Saving 50% of a low salary to retire on £30k/year is mathematically possible but ignores the much higher-leverage path of growing the income itself.
Believing salary equals your skill's true value
Salaries are arbitrary outputs of supply, demand, and what a business can extract. The same knowledge applied differently can be worth 100x — Olly's £850/month teaching salary became millions when distributed via the internet.
Sacrificing all 20s experiences for compound interest
Olly regrets not spending more liberally in Japan. The unique experiences of your 20s don't return — and they often produce the relationships and stories that fuel later income.
Confusing complexity with value
Damian earned more communicating simple finance ideas at scale on YouTube than producing technical, bespoke deals. Specialised depth doesn't always pay better than scaled simplicity.

Origin story

How this framework came to be

Olly grew up with parents who drilled saving and ISAs into him from an early age. As a jazz musician earning £40 gigs and later as an English teacher in Japan and the Middle East on £850/month sterling supplements, he saved aggressively — often half his take-home — and obsessively researched funds and personal-finance podcasts.

Looking back, he realises the time he spent carving out percentage points on a tiny base was wasted relative to what he could have done by investing in skills and income. After starting his language-teaching business in 2013, he saw firsthand that contributing more in the first place beats fund-by-fund optimisation by orders of magnitude.

Source

Traced to primary
Source · PODCAST
I Wish I'd Saved Less When I Was Younger
Olly Richards · 2025
Open source →

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