FINANCEMonths to result

Look-Through Earnings Approach

Measure earnings through investees

Problem it solves

poor financial decisions

Best for

Investors and financial analysts

Not ideal for

Those without a basic understanding of finance and accounting

Overview

Why this framework exists

The Look-Through Earnings Approach is a method of measuring a company's earnings by including the earnings of its investees. This approach provides a more comprehensive picture of a company's financial performance, as it takes into account the earnings of its subsidiaries and investments. By using this approach, investors and analysts can gain a better understanding of a company's true earnings potential and make more informed investment decisions.

Core principles

3 total
  1. Include the earnings of investees in the calculation of a company's earnings.
  2. Use a comprehensive approach to measure a company's financial performance.
  3. Consider the earnings of subsidiaries and investments when evaluating a company's earnings potential.

Steps

4 steps
  1. Calculate the earnings of the company
    Calculate the earnings of the company using traditional accounting methods.
    Pro tipUse generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) to ensure accuracy.
    WarningBe aware of potential biases in accounting methods.
  2. Identify the investees
    Identify the companies in which the company has a significant investment.
    Pro tipConsider the company's subsidiaries, joint ventures, and other investments.
    WarningBe aware of potential conflicts of interest.
  3. Calculate the earnings of the investees
    Calculate the earnings of the investees using their financial statements.
    Pro tipUse the investees' financial statements to determine their earnings.
    WarningBe aware of potential differences in accounting methods.
  4. Combine the earnings of the company and its investees
    Combine the earnings of the company and its investees to get a comprehensive picture of the company's financial performance.
    Pro tipUse a weighted average approach to combine the earnings.
    WarningBe aware of potential biases in the weighting process.

Checklist

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Examples

1 cases
Berkshire Hathaway's use of the Look-Through Earnings Approach

Berkshire Hathaway used the Look-Through Earnings Approach to measure its earnings in 1989. The company included the earnings of its investees, such as Coca-Cola and GEICO, in its calculation of earnings.

OutcomeThe use of the Look-Through Earnings Approach provided a more comprehensive picture of Berkshire Hathaway's financial performance and helped investors and analysts to better understand the company's earnings potential.

Common mistakes

3 traps
Failure to consider the earnings of investees
Failing to consider the earnings of investees can result in an incomplete picture of a company's financial performance.
Inaccurate calculation of investee earnings
Inaccurately calculating the earnings of investees can result in an incorrect picture of a company's financial performance.
Failure to consider potential biases
Failing to consider potential biases in accounting methods and weighting processes can result in an inaccurate picture of a company's financial performance.

Origin story

How this framework came to be

The Look-Through Earnings Approach was first introduced by Warren Buffett in his 1989 letter to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders. Buffett argued that this approach provides a more accurate picture of a company's earnings, as it takes into account the earnings of its investees.

Source

Traced to primary
Source · INVESTOR LETTER
Berkshire Hathaway Shareholder Letter 1989
Warren Buffett · 1989
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