MINDSETOngoing practice

Tonic Immobility Response

Freeze in fear

Problem it solves

limiting beliefs

Best for

Understanding victim behavior during sexual assault

Not ideal for

Predicting individual responses to trauma

Overview

Why this framework exists

Tonic immobility is a common response to high-intensity fear-inducing events, characterized by physiological paralysis and catatonic-like body posture. It is an involuntary response that appears to be automatic and unlearned. Tonic immobility is often accompanied by extreme levels of fear and a sense of entrapment, which may persist after the assault, leading to avoidance of situations linked with the assault.

Core principles

3 total
  1. Tonic immobility is an involuntary response to extreme fear and entrapment.
  2. It is characterized by physiological paralysis and catatonic-like body posture.
  3. Tonic immobility is often accompanied by extreme levels of fear and a sense of entrapment.

Steps

3 steps
  1. Recognition of Tonic Immobility
    Recognize the signs of tonic immobility, including physiological paralysis and catatonic-like body posture.
    Pro tipBe aware of the potential for tonic immobility in victims of sexual assault.
    WarningTonic immobility is not a sign of consent or enjoyment.
  2. Understanding the Causes of Tonic Immobility
    Understand the causes of tonic immobility, including extreme fear and entrapment.
    Pro tipConsider the context in which the tonic immobility occurred.
    WarningTonic immobility is not a sign of weakness or flaw in the victim.
  3. Supporting Victims of Tonic Immobility
    Provide support and resources to victims of tonic immobility, including counseling and medical attention.
    Pro tipBe sensitive to the victim's needs and feelings.
    WarningAvoid blaming or shaming the victim for their response.

Checklist

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Examples

2 cases
Rape-Induced Paralysis

A victim of rape experiences tonic immobility during the attack, characterized by physiological paralysis and catatonic-like body posture.

OutcomeThe victim requires support and resources to recover from their trauma.
Tonic Immobility in Animal Species

Prey animals, such as opossums, 'play dead' when attacked, exhibiting tonic immobility.

OutcomeThe predator loses interest and the prey animal escapes.

Common mistakes

3 traps
Misinterpreting Tonic Immobility as Consent
Tonic immobility is not a sign of consent or enjoyment, but rather an involuntary response to extreme fear and entrapment.
Blaming the Victim for Tonic Immobility
Tonic immobility is not a sign of weakness or flaw in the victim, but rather a natural response to trauma.
Failing to Provide Support to Victims of Tonic Immobility
Victims of tonic immobility require support and resources, including counseling and medical attention, to recover from their trauma.

Origin story

How this framework came to be

Tonic immobility has been observed in various animal species, including prey animals that 'play dead' when attacked. In humans, it is often seen in victims of sexual assault, who may experience tonic immobility during the attack.

Source

Traced to primary
Source · BOOK
When Men Behave Badly The Hidden Roots of Sexual
David M Buss · 2020
Open source →

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