Dual Process Model of Bereavement
Oscillating between loss and restoration
The dual process model of bereavement proposes that individuals will oscillate between loss-oriented and restoration-oriented coping. Loss-oriented coping involves confronting and processing the loss, while restoration-oriented coping involves rebuilding and finding new meaning and purpose in life. The model suggests that individuals will move back and forth between these two types of coping, with the goal of eventually finding a sense of integration and acceptance.
- Individuals will oscillate between loss-oriented and restoration-oriented coping.
- Loss-oriented coping involves confronting and processing the loss.
- Restoration-oriented coping involves rebuilding and finding new meaning and purpose in life.
- Confront and process the lossAllow yourself to feel and express your emotions related to the loss.Pro tipEngage in activities that promote self-reflection and mindfulness, such as journaling or talking to a therapist.WarningAvoiding or denying the loss can lead to increased anxiety and decreased personal growth.
- Rebuild and find new meaning and purposeEngage in activities and pursuits that give life meaning and purpose, such as building relationships, pursuing hobbies, or working towards personal goals.Pro tipIdentify values and passions that align with your sense of purpose and meaning.WarningLack of meaning and purpose can lead to feelings of emptiness and disconnection.
- Oscillate between loss-oriented and restoration-oriented copingAllow yourself to move back and forth between confronting and processing the loss and rebuilding and finding new meaning and purpose.Pro tipBe patient and compassionate with yourself as you navigate the grieving process.WarningForcing yourself to stay in one type of coping can lead to increased anxiety and decreased personal growth.
The older man shares his experience of losing his wife and how he was able to find new meaning and purpose in his life despite his grief.
The dual process model of bereavement was first introduced by psychologists Margaret Stroebe and Henk Schut in the 1990s. The model was developed to explain the complex and dynamic process of grief and bereavement.